1. TASK: Insert the appropriate word in the text below:
assess - assume - common - hardships - protection - purposes - retains - urban - varied
History of leases of land
Over the centuries, leases have served many purposes and the nature of legal regulation has _________ according to those purposes and the social and economic conditions of the times. Leases, for example, were mainly used for agricultural _________ until the late 18th century and early 19th century when the growth of cities in industrialized countries made leases an important form of landholding in _________ areas.
The modern law of landlord and tenant in common law jurisdictions _________ the influence of the common law and, particularly, the laissez-faire philosophy that dominated the law of contract and property law in the 19th century. With the growth of consumerism, consumer _________ legislation recognised that common law principles, which _________ equal bargaining power between the contracting parties, create _________ when that assumption is inaccurate. Consequently, reformers have emphasised the need to _________ residential tenancy laws in terms of protection they provide to tenants. Legislation to protect tenants is now _________.
2. CHECK YOUR SPEAKING
|
assess |
[ əˈses ] |
оцінити |
|
assume |
[ əˈsjuːm ] |
допустити |
|
common |
[ ˈkɒmən ] |
загальноприйнятий |
|
hardships |
[ ˈhɑːd.ʃɪp ] |
складності, випробування |
|
protection |
[ prəˈtekʃn ] |
захист |
|
purposes |
[ ˈpɜːpəs ] |
цілі |
|
retains |
[ rɪˈteɪn ] |
утримувати |
|
urban |
[ ˈɜːbən ] |
міський |
|
varied |
[ ˈveərid ] |
змінюватися, варіюватися |
3. SEE CORRECT ANSWER
History of leases of land
Over the centuries, leases have served many purposes and the nature of legal regulation has varied according to those purposes and the social and economic conditions of the times. Leases, for example, were mainly used for agricultural purposes until the late 18th century and early 19th century when the growth of cities in industrialized countries made leases an important form of landholding in urban areas.
The modern law of landlord and tenant in common law jurisdictions retains the influence of the common law and, particularly, the laissez-faire philosophy that dominated the law of contract and property law in the 19th century. With the growth of consumerism, consumer protection legislation recognised that common law principles, which assume equal bargaining power between the contracting parties, create hardships when that assumption is inaccurate. Consequently, reformers have emphasised the need to assess residential tenancy laws in terms of protection they provide to tenants. Legislation to protect tenants is now common.
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